Rotary fluid operated and operating device.



A. B. CALKI'NS. ROTARY FLUID OPERATED AND DPERATING DEVICE. APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 24, 1911.

993,648. Patented May 3o, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A.B.CALKIN& ROTARY FLUID OPERATED AND OPERATING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED IAn.24,1a1L

993,648. 1 Patented May 30, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS A. Is.v GALKINs. ROTARY FLUID OPBRATBD AND OPERATING DEVICE. l APPLICATION FILED IAN. 24, 1911.'

Patented May 30, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wim' 5v 'YAITURNEYS tary rotation impels'the fluid.

ALMON B. CALXINS, OF PASS-AIC, NEW JERSEY'.

viio'iniir FLUID ornnarnn AND orE'nArrNe nnvicn.

specificatie of Letters Patent.

Patented May'30, 1911.

- Application tiled January 24, 1911. Serial No. 604,32?.

To allwham 'it may concern:

Be it known that I', ALiioN B. CALKINB, a citizen of the United 'States of America, and a residentof Passaic, county of Passaic, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'Rol Fluid Operated and Operating Devices, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to Vrotary devices of the type including rotary meters, rotary muliiers, rotary motors or engines, and the like, in which a rotatable element is rotated by iiuid as the operating medium, and rotary' pumps and the like wherein the rotatable device is rotated by other ineansl and in its I For the purpose of the resent specification I have shown and wil describe an embodiment of my invention const-ituting'a rotary iiuid meter, -but it will beunderstood that the saine is intended to be in no way a limitation upon lthe application of the invention, as 1t will be readily seen that the Idevice in its exact form is capable of other uses and that mere changes such asare with'- in the skill of those conversant with this art willk cause similar structureto be ada ted for other uses such as those above note In carrying'out my invention employ a stationary casing, a rota element having a substantiallyf'cylindrica bore therein, a rotary element or hub mounted in the said bore but 4of smaller size than the bore, so

that there is a substantially annular space between the rotatable element and the chamber, a pluralityof 'blades' in the form of tubular segments ycarried by the said rotary element arranged to be moved into and out r of the said annular channel, and stationary l tails'of construction and cam means for co;.a cting=with' thesaid segmental blades to operate them as the hub rotallesl l l y ry My invention consists inI many novel decombinations of be fully pointed out herear'ts such as will invention lmay inafter, andI in order that ni be thoroughly understood,y ceed to escribe an embodiment thereof,

having referenceto the accompanying drawf cordance with my `showing an additional will now proings illustrating the same, and will then point out the novel features in claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a view in part side elevation and' part central vertical section through a'meter constructed in ac invention. Fig. 2 is -a view in horizonta plane of section being indicated by t e line 2-2in' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical section through the casing, the plane of section being indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fi 4 is a horizontal transverse section throng the casin upon the line 4-4 of Figll, the .point o view being in a `direction 1 o 'ng upward. Fig. 5 is a horizontal transverse section through the casing uponv 1, the point of view the line 5-5 of Fig. thereof looking downward. Fig. 6 is a view in horizontal section, also looking downward, upon the line 6-6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a. detailv underside view of the ment removed from its casin Fig. 8 1s a central vertical section theret rough, as indicated b the line 8-8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a detai top view of the rotatable element. Fig. 10 is a detail view in side elevation of one of the segmental blades employed showing the same as removed from the rotatable element. '.Fig. 11 is a detail vertical transverse section through a modified form of thev structure in which the rotatable element and its blades are made of sheet metal. Fig. 12 is a detail horizontal section through the rotatable element employed in the structure shown in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a detail view section therethrou h, the,

rotary elvin side 'elevation of one of the segmental blades of wthe4J structure shown in 'gs 11 and 12. Fig. 14 is-a ldetail view showing, upon a larger scale, .certain guiding slots employed for the form of operating` blades used in the construction shown in igs. 11 to 13 inclusive. Fig. 1/5

'cam surface l-which may be employed when the rotatable member is adapted to be moved backward.

The structure shown comprises in general a ystationary casing 2Q having a cylindrical bore 21 therein, ay cylindrical hub rotatably Imounted concentrically in the said c lindrical bore, the eripheral diameter of t e cylindrical hub ing inthe main of is a detail v1ewsmaller diameter than the diameter of the bore in the casing so that an annular chamber 23 is arranged between them, and a plu# rality of segmental blades 24 carried by the said hub and arranged at the'proper times to project into the said annular chamber. The upper and lower ends of the cylindrical borein the casing are closed by means of diaphragms 25-26, an upper head 27 being securely bolted to the upper end ofthe cas-l ing proper to retain the parts intheir proper position. At its lower end the casing 1s provided with an inlet chamber 28 in open communication at its inlet end with a screwthreaded hub 29 to which the inlet pipe may be connected, the dischargeend of the ysaid inlet f chamber being connected throughy a passage`30 with the annular chamber 23, as will be readily understood particularly by reference to Figs. 2 3, and 6v of the drawings. A perforated screen 31 may be conveniently 4"employed inthe said inlet chamber through which the incoming fluid may pass and by which it will be filtered to such an extent as to prevent solid matter of any size from passing into VVthe machine. The annular chamber 23 discharges through a peripheral recess 45 in the wall of the casing 20, which recess is in open communication through one or more elongated slots 32 /with a curved channel 34, formed inj thel casing, and .in turn communicating with a screw-threaded discharge hub 35 to l which the discharge pipe may be connecteda The rotary element 22 is mounted. concenktrically as above stated, in the bore 21, upon of the casing. In theform shown in Figs.

a central stud 36 uprising from the bottom 1 to 10 inclusive this hub is substantially solid, vexcept for a small chamber 33, formed for the purpose of reducing the weight thereof, the said element being conveniently formed of hard rubber orv otherfsuitable light weight material. While the peripheral vdiameter of the main portion thereof is of smaller diameterthan the interior bore 21, the said element is. conveniently provided withianges 37 atthe upper and lower ends whichexten'd `out into substantial'engage-- ment with thev walls of the casing. This hub is provided with a plurality of curved channels 38 each of which is arranged toreceive a curved operatingl blade 24.v 'The 4curves of lthe channels are constructed upon arcs of circles, the blades being'inthe form of cylindrically tubular segments. l The blades are arranged to slide in the said channels, and each ofthe blades is provided with a portion constituting a curved finger 40, whlch projects rearwardly therefrom and isvitted toa reduced portion 39 of the shown in Figs. 2 and channel 38, as is clearly 8 and the detail Fig. 10.

between two similar cam surfaces 43, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 3,'the cam surface 44 being of a suiiicient widtht to receive the narrow fingers 40 while the broader faces of the blades themselves bridge the cam surv face 44 and rest upon the two surfaces 43.

The operation of the device is as follows: AFluid being admitted through the passage 30 enters the annular chamber 23 and is confined therein between the walls of the casing, the peripheral wall of the rotary element, the forward face of the abutment 42, and the inner side face of one of the blades 24. The fluid being under pressure and the abutment 42 being immovable, the Huid in pressing against theblade 24 will rotate the element 22 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2. As this happens the finger portion 40 of the next succeeding blade in the direction of rotation of the element 22 will ride up along the cam surface 44 so that the forward end of the said nextsucceeding blade will be gradually moved into the chamber 23 until the extremity thereof engages the wall 21 of the casing 20. This position of the blade will be effected when the blade reaches the inlet passage 30, so that in the further movement of the rotary element the said blade will be acted upon by the incoming fluid to further propeltherotary element in the'manner just described in connection with the preceding blade. The blades .willbe carried around `this position until the forward ends thereof successively reach the cam surfaces 43. Then in the further movement'of the rotary elementthe blades will be gradually forced back toa position wherein theirjforward ends will come flush with the periphery of the rotary element-so that they will ass the abutment 42. One of the blades 1s Ishown'as just commencing to ride up upon the cam surfaces 43 i'n Fig. 2. The water contained ilthe annular channel 23 behind thel blades will be discharged The employment of the two cam surfaces 43 and 44 for operating respectively on the front andrear ends of the blade elements.

is quite important in reducing friction, this `being for the reason that the angles presented by the opposite ends of the blades with a line concentric with the axis of rotation of the rotary members, differs. It 'advantageous to move the blades into their operative positions as quickly as possible, and

the cam surface 44 is made with a relatively quick rise for this purpose. This rise is possible because .of the angles at which the rear lingers of the blades are presented thereto. On the other hand the angle at which the forward ends of the blades engage `the cam surfaces is such as to require a slower rise cam, and such cam 1s consequently provlded,

`the greater length of time taken 1n ,conse yquence thereof toreturn the blades to their inoperative positions, being immaterial.

' For the purpose of balancing the parts as much as possible I have providedthe movable and stationary elements with the following balancing channels. The lower diaphragm is provided with a curved recess 46 which communicates through an opening 47 -withthe inlet chamber 28. The rotatable member 22 is provided with a set of pas.

i Aa0 sages 48 which communicate with I this curved channel 46and with the curved blade receiving channels 38. These assages48 are arranged in the upper and ower partsl of the rotatable mem er, the 'up er` passages communicating with a curved c annel 49 in the Alower ,face of the upper diaphragm 25' corresponding to the curved channel 46 in the lower diaphragm. By this means water is admitted u on the top and bottom ed of the curved lades 24 so as to substantia ly 4 balance them. The blades 24 themselves are provided upon their rear faces with chan? nels 50 by which water or other fluid in the annular channel 23-is allowed to pass from the front to the rear' of the said blades in order to balance them longitudinally, it be- 38 in the rotatable fmember ,in which the said blades are mounted, are reduced at the rear K ass freely to the4 discharge side of the chamends thereof, being that the said fingers accurately ttin the said reduced portionswith a5sliding' t, so that the fluid thus permitted to pass tothe back of thefblades 24 will not' be permitted'to er 23. The lower-'1 face of the rotatable member'22 may also be provided withradi al channels 51 (see Fig. 7) into whichthe fluid passing through the machine willl gradually eak to form a lubrication -between'the vbottom lface of the said rotatable vmember and the upper face` of the diaphragm 26, and portions of the inner .facesof the upper and lower diaphragms'25 and 26 maybe recessed .asat V52 to reduce the extent of thewerking surfaces and .frictimalA ontag, .Theseggrm ces'sed spaces 52 will also fill withliquid' in J remembered that the curved channels ortionwhich `re' -a recess 63.

' to clear t with, and forms a part of, the said register-- ing means. As the registering means per se forms noart of my present linvention I have not i lustrated it in detail herein but in Fig. ,.1 I have shown an upper casing 56 for containing it and the stem or arbor 55 as projecting downward from the said casin .through the upper head 27.

n Figs. 11, to 14, I have shown a sheety metal construction such as may be employed for some pur oses. For instance, while a hard rubber disk may be used for cold water meters, the sheet metal construction would 'be more desirable in the measurement of hot water, or of steam, though of course `the sheet metal construction could also be employed in the measurement of cold water if preferred. I In the sheet metal construction I have shown the rotatable element as comg prising upper and1ower disks 57, and a circular shell 58 between them, the whole being united by studs or rivets 59. In this case in lieu of providing the rotatable element with extended channels for receiving the o eratshell, portions of the metal constituting the shell bein turned backward to slightly ex tend the earing surface. In'the slot 60 such portions are turned over at Isubstan- 'ing blades, I have formed slots 60-61 1n the tially right angles to the shell, projecting inward therefrom, while in the case of the slot 61 the metal lis turned back at right angles and a in parallel therewith to form lades 64, corresponding to the blades 24 ofthe other structure, are in this form preferably of substantially the same width throughout except that Vat their extremities plortions 65-65 are cut away so as tremities of the-said blades are engaged by the cam surface 44. lThe forward endsof the blades are preferably\ turned over as at 6.6, thisbeing for the purpose of obtaininga e cam'surfaces 43l when the exslightly wider bearing surface against the f inner edge of the cylindrical casing, and also for4 the pu ose of assistingin the balancing of the bla es. These portions 66` are Vreceived inthe recesses 63v when the blades are in their rear position, as will be readily understood-'by referenceto'Fig.' 12. Inthis particular constructionffvhaveshown the r'o- 'tatable element asi-mounted upona central Y. rotating shaft 67 instead of upon a stationary stud `as in the other structure, which shaft may be. extended to the exterior of the casing as will be well understood, to constitute a means by 4which t-he device may bej driven as where it is used for `pumping' purposes, or from which power' may be taken when the device is used as a motor o r engine.

In this construction I have also shown clearance spaces 68-68 above and below the rotatable member, and the entire interior of the rotatable member will be filled with fluid which will leakv past the slotted openings 60-61 for the blades. Preferably the inner faces of the upper and lower disks 57 of the rotatable member will be recessed as appears at 69 in Fig. 11 and the detail Fig. 14, to form curved guides for the blades 64.

Where the device is used Aas an engine, or in any construction' wherein the rotating element might be required to run backward, I preferably provide an additional cam surface 70 as appears in Fig. 15, the said cam surface operating upon the front end of the blades to force them back in the rearward movement of the rotating element, as will be well understood.

' What I claim is: l

1. A rotary device of the character described comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore therein, a hub concentrically mounted in the bore butof smallerdiameter than the bore, whereby an annular chamber is formed between the periphery-of the hub and the walls of thebore, thesaid casing having vinlet and discharge passages communicating with the said chambel, an abutment across the said chamber, a plurality of r blades mcvably mounted in the hub'and arranged to be moved into and out of the said annular chamber, a stationary cam in the casing" exterior to the hub for moving the forward .end of the blades into the said chamber, and another similarly disposed stationary cam for moving the forward end of the said blades out of the said chamber.

2. A rotaryy deviceof the character der .blades having portions at the front and rear ends thereof which are arranged alternately to project across the said annular chamber, a stationary cam in` the wall of the casing, to

the `rear of the said abutment, for engagingl the rear ends of the blades to move the forward ends thereof into thesaidc amber, and

another stationary cam for e gthe foropposite direction. v v

'3. A rotary .device of the' character described comprising acasing having a cylindrical bore therein, a. hub concentrically mounted in the bore but of smaller diameter than the bore, whereby an annular chamber is formed between the periphery of the hub and the Walls of the bore, the said casing having inlet and discharge passages communicating with the said chamber, an abutment across the said chamber,a plurality of blades in the form of tubular segments movably mounted around the said hub with their concave sides facing outwardly, and vided with rearwardly extending fingers, the forward end of the said blades and the rearward extremity ofthe said' ngers being arranged to move alternately into and out of the said annular chamber, a stationary cam for engaging the rear extremity of the said ngers, and another stationary cam having a more gradual incline, for engaging the forward extremity of the said blades.

4. A rotary device of the character described comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore therein, a hub concentrically mounted in the bore but of smaller diameter and .the walls of the bore, the said casing having inlet and discharge passages communicating with the said chamber, an abutment across the said chamber, a plurality of blades in the form of tubular segments movably mounted around the said hub with their concave sidesl facing outwardly, and pro-- pro- .than the bore, whereby an annular chamber is formed between the periphery ofthe hub 5. A rotary device the character .described, comprising a casing having a c vlindrical bore therein, a hub ooncentrically mounted in the bore but of 'smaller diameter than the bore, whereby an annular chamber is formed between the periphery ofthe hub and the walls of the bore, the said casing having inlet and discharge passages communicating with the said chamber, an abut- I.

ment across the said chamber, a plurality of blades in the form of tubular segments blades having lateral projections which exmovably mounted around the said hub with tend in a direction opposite to the direction their concave sides facing outwardly, one of rotation of the hub. end of the said blades being arranged to be In witness whereof, I have hereunto set 5 moved into and out of the said annular my hand this 20th day of January, 1911.

chamber, a stationar cam for movin the" forward end of they blades into thegsaid ALMON B' CALKINS' chamber, and another stationary cam for Witnesses: moving the said blades out of the said D. HOWARD HAYwooD, 10 chamber, the forward extremities of the LYMAN S. ANDREWS, Jr. 

